Golf · Guide

Golf terms explained

The words golfers use, from fore to a dogleg, in plain English. For scores like birdie and bogey, see golf scores explained.

The course

Tee box
Where each hole starts.
Fairway
The short grass between the tee and the green.
Rough
The longer grass either side of the fairway.
Green
The very short grass around the hole, where you putt.
Bunker
A sand trap.
Dogleg
A hole that bends left or right.
Links
A seaside course on sandy ground: firm, windy, few trees.
Penalty area
Water or other areas marked with red or yellow stakes. See golf rules.

Shots

Drive
A tee shot, usually with the driver.
Approach
A shot aimed at the green.
Chip / pitch
Short shots onto the green: a chip runs along the ground; a pitch flies higher and stops quicker.
Draw / fade
A gentle curve right to left / left to right (for a right-hander).
Hook / slice
The same, but too much.
Carry
How far the ball flies before it lands.
Divot
The piece of turf taken by an iron shot. Replace it.

Playing

Fore!
The warning shout when a ball is heading towards people.
Honour
The right to tee off first, earned by the lowest score on the previous hole.
Gimme
A short putt conceded in match play.
Mulligan
A do-over shot in a friendly game. Not allowed under the rules.
Provisional
A second ball played in case the first is lost or out of bounds.
Handicap
The strokes you receive to compete fairly. See handicaps.
The cut
The halfway point in a tournament where the field is reduced. See how a tournament works.

Quick answers

What does 'fore' mean in golf?
A warning shout that a ball is heading towards someone. If you hear it, cover your head and turn away.
What is a gimme in golf?
A short putt your opponent concedes without you playing it. Only allowed in match play, not stroke play.
What is a links course?
A course on sandy ground by the sea, with firm fairways, few trees and plenty of wind. The Open is always played on one.
What is the difference between a draw and a fade?
For a right-hander, a draw curves gently right to left, and a fade left to right. Exaggerated versions are a hook and a slice.